Explore the gallery of pyramid ads
Between 1993-1997, pyramid firms advertised their business activities in local newspaper, in TV, and in cultural events. The firms represented themselves as the trailblazers of emerging capitalist entrepreneurship.
Gendered Representations and Financial Speculation
When they began to collapse, the firms were represented as fraudulent magicians. The figure of Maksude Kadena, the only woman owner of a pyramid firm, became a local and international icon of fraudulent speculative finance.
Some of the firms issued credit contracts to investors, signed in the presence of a notary public.